Metalwork
Italian Gilt Bronze Workshops and Their Marks
Italian gilt bronze from Rome is identified by Valadier accounts, Righetti signatures, and fire-gilding, not by the hallmarks used on silver.
Metalwork
Antique Italian Bronze: History, Identification & Collector's Guide
A collector's guide to antique Italian bronze: Renaissance bronzetti, Padua and Florence, later casts, patina, and how to tell workshop from tourist copy.